Famous Birthdays·October 10·Charles II of Navarre
Charles II of Navarre

Charles II of Navarre

A cunning and untrustworthy medieval monarch whose endless scheming for the French throne earned him the lasting nickname 'the Bad.'

1332–1387 (age 55)·King of Navarre from 1349 to 1387·Birthday: October 10

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Biography

Charles II of Navarre was born with ambition in his blood, inheriting the small Pyrenean kingdom of Navarre and the rich French county of Évreux. His claim to the French crown, through his mother, was strong—some said stronger than that of the Valois king, John II. This perceived injustice fueled his entire tumultuous reign. Charismatic and politically shrewd, Charles was a master of shifting alliances, weaving plots with the English, fomenting rebellion among the discontented French nobility, and even being implicated in assassination attempts. His actions, including the treacherous murder of a constable of France, were pivotal in exacerbating the chaos of the Hundred Years' War. While he briefly seized Paris and wielded immense influence, his reputation for duplicity ultimately limited his gains. He died from a bizarre accident—some accounts say his own physician ordered him wrapped in linen soaked in brandy to treat a skin condition, and a careless servant's candle set him ablaze—a fiery end for a man who spent his life playing with political fire.

#1 When Charles Was Born

The biggest hits of 1332

Charles's Life & Times

The world at every milestone

1332Born
1337Started school
1345Became a teenager
1348Could drive
1350Could vote
1353Turned 21
1362Turned 30
1372Turned 40
1382Turned 50
1387Died at 55

Key Achievements

  • Orchestrated the assassination of Charles de la Cerda, the Constable of France and favorite of King John II, in 1354.
  • Led a major coalition of nobles against the French crown, temporarily controlling Paris and the Dauphin (the future Charles V) in 1358.
  • Successfully defended his kingdom of Navarre against multiple invasions and maintained its independence throughout his long reign.
  • His political machinations were a direct catalyst for the Jacquerie peasant uprising and the internal strife of the French civil war.

Did You Know?

His nickname 'the Bad' (le Mauvais) was used by contemporaries and stuck in historical records, a rare medieval example of a pejorative epithet defining a king's legacy.

He was the son of Joan II of Navarre, making him a descendant of French King Louis X through the female line.

The order for his immolation-style medical treatment is documented in the chronicles of Jean Froissart.

He was a patron of the arts and commissioned the first translation of the Bible into the Navarro-Aragonese language.

“My crown is my right, and I will defend it with every alliance and every sword.”

— Charles II of Navarre

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